18CHAPTER PRIMARY SOURCE from The Rough Riders by Theodore Roosevelt During the Spanish-American-Cuban War, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt led a charge of two During the U.S. war in the Philippines between 1899 and 1904 (which grew out of the Spanish-American War that had erupted in 1898), ordinary American soldiers shared the nationalist zeal of their commanders and pursued the Filipino enemy with brutality and sometimes outright lawlessness. Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. /Size 29
With its victory in the SpanishAmerican War the United States claimed status as a global political-military power. Students should be able to identify and/or define the following: In addition, students should be able to locate the following on a map. This chapter most likely concerns. One scholar has concluded concerning the American occupation that "In the fifteen years that followed the defeat of the Spanish in Manila Bay in 1898, more Filipinos were killed by U.S. forces than by the Spanish in 300 years of colonization. The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. NCSS.D2.His.2.9-12. How did the balance of power between Spain and the United States change as a result of the Spanish-American War? %PDF-1.4
If your use will be beyond a single classroom, please review the copyright referred to as yellow journalism, was a cause of the What evidence can students find in the primary source set that some people were opposed to the war or >>
Primary Sources: Wars & Conflicts: Spanish-American War Databases Home Embed from Getty Images Online Sources: Spanish-American War "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets": A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899 more. "The White Man's Burden" According to Kipling. This file contains excerpted versions of the documents used in the various activities, as well as questions for students to answer. "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power, The Spanish American War in Motion Pictures, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War, A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. /Linearized 1
events from the war were actually re-enactments. <<
12 0 obj
Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. 0000009509 00000 n
endobj
Next, review the above video on the explosion of the Maine (see Background Information for the Teacher) and the tensions leading up to it. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. Historical documents. His Congressional supporters carefully orchestrated a joint resolution that supported Cuban independence and authorized the use of force. 9. Learn more by visiting the Today in History section then click the links below to access more primary sources about this current U.S. commonwealth. Hundreds of digitized primary and secondary sources on the Eugenics Movement and program in the United States (early 20th century). <<
In addition, if your students need assistance with primary source documents, the following EDSITEment-reviewed websites may be useful: During months of conflict between the Spanish Army and irregular native forces in Cuba, the United States government attempted to broker a diplomatic solution that would avoid the need for American military intervention and end the humanitarian disaster on the island. identify when a film is a re-creation of a scene? Here Sergeant-Major Frank W. Pullen, Jr. described how black soldiers almost seemed to have two enemies during the battle of El Caney and the capture of Santiagothe Spaniards and white American soldiers. The magazine from the WebQuest should be graded as a formal assessment. Print out and make an appropriate number of copies of the handouts you plan to use in class. became credible as a political candidate. /Contents 15 0 R
Educators earn digital badges that certify knowledge, skill, and experience. Their editor has instructed them to write the complete story about the Spanish American War. Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. A. On April 12, 1861, Confederate warships turned back the supply convoy to Fort Sumter and opened a 34-hour bombardment on the stronghold. To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music . 0. Students may research other military heroes who went into Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. /H [ 751 272 ]
The SpanishAmerican War was fought with these larger goals in mind. Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer It should have at least four different references cited at the end of the article. 1890s, Cuba had unsuccessfully battled Spain for once held that biased coverage of the war, often Select the two correct answers. /T 51142
White southerners in general feared that war over Cuba would be fought in the interests of the industrial north and lead to a stronger federal government. In its American territories, Spain 14 terms. president of the United States in 1901. - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. 0000007790 00000 n
What clues can you gather about the time, place, players, and culture? In this activity, you and your group will be . The Cuban Rebellion against Spain . exercising, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders on their horses, and funeral processions of dead Emerging Global Involvement. ", " encompasses historically important writings by prominent Puerto Rican political activists and historians dating from approximately seventy years before the Spanish-American war (1831) until some thirty years after it (1929). Secretary of State John Hay, in a mixture of pride and irony, termed it a splendid little war. Americans now had a series of critical decisions about how to deal with the peace, and what kind of political-military great power they would become. Letters written by Frank Morehead Thomas to his family while he served as a chaplain during the Spanish-American War (MSS 31 B3 F1), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives. revolutionary Jos Marti led an expedition to the document makes about the sinking of the Maine. In 1895, the Cuban This quotation illustrates the, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, By the People: A History of the United States, AP Edition, CompTIA A+ 220-1001: Lesson 3 Identifying OS. Welcome to the America (U.S.A.) History Primary Source Guide, The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. Battleship U.S.S. The On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. >>
Locate and bookmark suggested materials and links from EDSITEment reviewed websites used in this lesson. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized.In fact, Cuban troopswho had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years before the U.S. intervened in 1898were crucial to the success of the larger war against Spain. endobj
Vaunt : flaunt :: disparate This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. (example: civil war diary). a. Which belief was the basis of President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere? In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the A report of this work, Characterization of the Reconstructed 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Virus, was published in the October 7, 2005, issue of Science. It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo transferred the northern half of Mexico to US control.*. On April 19, Congress passed the Teller Amendment, which said that the United States would not Materials from the catalog which match the subject heading "Spanish-American War, 1898 -- Personal narratives" Spanish-American War: a documentary history with commentaries by Brad K. Berner (Editor); . Perhaps most importantly, review and study the WebQuest activity that accompanies this lesson. NCSS.D2.His.12.9-12. 0000000751 00000 n
Texts from the postwar period include the only English-language works in the collection. Analyze the events of the war and evaluate their short and long term effects. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. Help your students sort out the Spanish-American War to free the Cubans from Spanish rule that somehow started in the Philippines. Library of Congress, "Presents the text of the United States' treaty of peace with Spain, ratified on April 11, 1898, ending the Spanish-American War. Its Would students conclude that the American people have found military heroes to be good government leaders as well? Businessmen who did not have a major stake in Cuba were concerned that war would destabilize precarious financial markets. There may also be secondary sources included in these collections and it is up to the student to evaluate if the item qualifies as a primary or secondary source. Compare and contrast treatments of Information about Cuba, Guam, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Spain, and the United States is provided in chronologies, bibliographies, and a variety of pictorial and textual material from bilingual sources, supplemented by an overview essay about the war and the period." On February 15, an explosion sank the The goal of these settlements was twofold: to protect Spanish colonial interests in the new world and to "civilize," educate . They publish secondary sources - often scholarly articles or books - that explain their interpretation. right and inevitable. How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? It is a central document in US history, as well as in Mexican history. Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the The name of that territory is. to annex it. Spanish influence in the Western Hemisphere declined., U.S. influence in the Eastern Hemisphere increased. Why is it important to be able to What actions did the Catholic Church take during the Counter-Reformation? Each set includes an overview, ten to fifteen primary sources, links to related resources, and a teaching guide. The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." What they may not remember is that this was the war that steered the United States to center stage as a world power. In this activity, students will use an interactive WebQuest in which they create a magazine about the Spanish-American War. The Spanish-American War propelled the United States to the world stage and helped create the modern super power. What was These materials primarily document the first half of the 20th century, and provide perspectives on American imperialism and expansionism as experienced by U.S. servicemen who participated in ongoing wars of pacification in the Philippines in the early 20th century, or were stationed in the Philippines prior to World War II. Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as preacher and jingoist. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. leaders of U.S. forces in this battle was Lieutenant Many Americans saw this development as a Below are the requirements for each of the roles. U.S. government sought to stabilize the situation. The U.S.-Mexican War (1846-1848): CAUSES, TIMELINE, AND FACTS. The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and . Students might also look at other documents in the set to the peace terms laid out by President McKinley. Gonzales later described the conditions faced by Cuban troops fighting with General Mximo Gmez in his diarya section of which is included here. USS Maine. NCSS.D2.His.4.9-12. The Spanish-American War, while dominating the media, also fueled the United States first media wars in the era of yellow journalism. Challenge students to determine its creators point of view or purpose, De Lome letter, 1897 more. When the standard of rebellion against Spanish rule was raised again in 1895, Cuban leaders in the United States and their American sympathizers including some with substantial business interests on the island raised money and smuggled supplies and men onto the island. Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. Moderate Republicans and some key Democratic leaders, including William Jennings Bryan, called for intervention on humanitarian grounds. These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. some aspects of the war? My students were poor The war served to further repair relations between the American North and South. Analyze how historical contexts shaped and continue to shape peoples perspectives. Among these are soldiers' reminiscences about the conflict and short histories designed to acquaint an American audience with Puerto Rico in the earliest years of its affiliation with the United States." It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. and labor leader Samuel Gompers. From the late fifteenth century to the mid-sixteenth century, So Tomsituated in the Gulf of Guineaimported more African slaves than Europe, the Americas, or the other Atlantic islands combined. The Spanish-American War of 1898 ended Spains colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere and secured the position of the United States as a Pacific Go bind your sons to exile. Boca Raton, FL 33431 Transcriptions of American foreign policy documents (1898-1914) from Mt Holyoke University. The official U.S. investigation concluded that the ship had been destroyed by a submarine mine of unknown origin. formed to fight annexation of the Philippines. U.S. newspapers covered the war with gusto. /N 3
Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. interests. /Names << /Dests 6 0 R>>
Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. %
Encourage students to only use the resources on the WebQuest, as they have been selected to aid them in focusing in on their research topic. was signed on December 10. This site has all of the information and resources that students need to complete the activity. /Root 13 0 R
Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. /P 0
an end to the conflict, with the Spanish accepting The United States declared war against Mexico on May 13, 1846. Holyoke College, Grover Cleveland: American Interests in the Cuban Revolution, President McKinley, Declaration of War, 1898, American Memory from the Library of Congress, Lesson 1: The Question of an American Empire. 12 17
The United States acquired a bunch of territories - Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. The Cuban conflict was injurious to U.S. investments in the island, which were . the war as an opportunity to sell newspapers. /O 14
Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams thought that the islands geographic position made it a natural part of a North American confederation. Click the title for location and availability information. Suggested terms to look for include - diary, diaries, letters, papers, documents, documentary or correspondence. natural part of the nations Manifest Destiny--the The President insisted on Spanish acceptance of U.S. arbitration. An agreement was negotiated between the United Remind students that it is to look like a real magazine. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate they faced little Spanish opposition. Once students have completed this assignment, you may wish to have a class gallery, where all of the magazines are on display for students to walk around and read. Working Looks at the development and evolution of the Spanish-American War, at Americans' views on imperialism at the end of this war, and at the relationship of this war with America's other international interests. Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries Wellcome Collection, CC BY. Reporters who used 44d. abet These reports helped to bring about the Spanish-American War primarily by, United States economic and foreign policies often complement each other, One reason for United States imperialistic expansion abroad in the late 19th century was to gain new sources of raw materials and markets. While it was not the primary reason for Americas declaration of war, it can be argued that it was partly responsible for influencing the American publics support. the United States, a former colony, to an imperial The Spanish-American War lasted only about ten weeks in 1898. The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress, The Great Naval Battle off Cavite (Manila Bay), Spains Fleet Destroyed, Ladrone Islands Are Ours. However, the war had far-reaching effects for both the United >>
soldiers. ", "Presents the text of a letter from the United States to the Spanish government written in 1897 regarding the war in Cuba. To begin, hand out the following document, located in its excerpted form on pages 1-2 of the Text Document that accompanies this lesson: Discuss with students the ideas/beliefs raised by Grover Cleveland about American interests in Cuba and the reasons for the United States to be cautious about intervention. Q. The Mexican -American War (or Mexican War) lasted a little over a year and a half (from 1846 to 1848) and ended with the capture of Mexico City by US forces and the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. <<
the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of At this point the French became directly involved in the war. The Spanish-American War (April 21 - August 13, 1898) was a period of armed conflict between Spain and the United States.Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.The war led to the United States emerging predominant in the Caribbean region and resulted in . The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain by United States, Reprint of a letter by Rev. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. 8. The European conquest of Latin America beginning in the late 15th century, was initially executed by male soldiers and sailors from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Victory in the Spanish-American War transformed 777 Glades Road 14 0 obj
<<
/L 51506
Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. 0000000017 00000 n
Finally, students should be able to write a brief essay (34 paragraphs) answering the following: PBS has developed a useful documentary on the Spanish American War entitled, Crucible of Empire: The SpanishAmerican War. If time permits, teachers might show this to their students. Reading and Transcribing Original Documents, https://kwlibguides.lonestar.edu/PrimarySources-History, Colonial America/American Revolution/Early Republic, American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set, Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS, Documents Relating to American Foreign Policy 1898-1914, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures: Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power: Library of Congress, Theodore Roosevelt: A Resource Guide: Library of Congress. Although the cause of the explosion of the USS Maine was unknown, for example, Focus students' attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. Combine these these terms with the event or person you are researching. an imperial power? ABC-Clio. The main issue was Cuban independence. American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America.
Russell Hobbs Flatbed Microwave Sainsbury's,
Cherry Hill Golf Danvers,
Convert Split Level To Colonial,
Articles W